Why do boxelder bugs and lady beetles gather on my house?
Boxelder adults leave host trees in fall and are drawn to buildings with southern exposure, per University of Minnesota Extension. Asian lady beetles overwinter on sunny sides of tall buildings. Both are searching for sheltered crevices to spend the winter, and a warm wall is a clear signal.
The sunny side of the house is a beacon. Surfaces that soak up afternoon sun stay warm after the air turns cold, and insects follow the warmth toward cracks.
Our guide on boxelder bugs and Asian lady beetles on a Minnesota home goes into the full cycle and what Extension recommends.
Why do they show up inside in the middle of winter?
Warm spells wake some of the insects inside walls and attics, and they crawl toward light. Extension says they do not feed or breed indoors and die within days without food. A few on a window in January does not mean an infestation is growing.
A sunny day in February can warm a wall cavity enough to rouse the insects tucked inside it. They head for the nearest window, which is where you see them.
The best response is a vacuum with a hose, and an empty and disposed bag. Crushing them can leave stains and a smell, and spraying a window wastes product.
Do they damage the house?
No structural damage is expected from either insect. The harm is nuisance: stains, odor, dead insects in light fixtures and the work of cleaning them up. Both are outdoor insects that wander into buildings, and neither feeds or breeds indoors, so their numbers cannot grow inside the house.
Both insects are mostly a matter of numbers. A few are an annoyance, and hundreds in an attic can be a major clean-up job that has to be done before spring.
If a household member reacts to the insects, whether through skin or breathing, ask a doctor and remove the insects promptly. A technician can help find where they are collecting.
What should I do in March when they try to leave?
Let them. At the thaw, the insects that survived the winter inside walls move toward windows and attempt to leave. Vacuum those you see, open a window if one is on a screen, and plan sealing for the following autumn when it will matter.
Spring is a poor time to spray. The insects are leaving anyway and treated surfaces dry out in the weather.
Use the spring to note where they came out. The point of exit is often the point of entry, and it is the first gap to seal in September.